The fourth mode of Harmonic Minor is known as Dorian #4. A mystical, exotic Dorian sound with Lydian-like qualities due to the raised 4th (#4) which adds tension.

Scale formula

The formula for the Ionian #5 mode is:

 1 - 2 - b3 - #4 - 5 - 6 - 7

As the name suggests, you can think of this the Dorian mode with a raised (sharpened) 4th (#4). It can be used in a modal jazz context, especially over minor ii-V progressions.

Chords

• min7

Usage

The Dorian #4 mode is a variation of the Dorian mode, derived from the Harmonic Minor Scale. It retains the minor quality of Dorian but introduces a sharp 4th, adding an exotic and slightly unstable tension. This mode is commonly found in jazz, fusion, progressive rock, film scoring, and even certain world music styles.

Dorian #4 is a favourite in modal jazz when playing over minor 7 chords with a slightly exotic sound.

Dorian #4 is used in prog metal and rock for its melodic but unpredictable nature. Bands like Dream Theater and Opeth experiment with this mode to create mystical minor progressions.

The #4 makes Dorian #4 an excellent choice for cinematic music, often evoking fantasy, mystery, or ancient themes. For example, John Williams might use it in an adventure theme for its minor yet uplifting qualities.